vidéo : Chine, Russie, Etats-Unis : qui règnera sur l'Arctique ? - Géopoliticus | Lumni

The Arctic region is a source of contention due to its oil, gas, and shipping lanes. What are the stakes involved? Why is China, which has no direct geographic interest in the region, increasing its presence there? #Arctic #NorthPole #ShippingRoute #Geopolitics + More episodes of Geopoliticus 👉 https://cutt.ly/Ejh02dt Subscribe! 👉 http://bit.ly/2QLeh5V At the North Pole, the Arctic region is a source of contention for the states that border it. Many geopolitical, economic, and scientific interests are intertwined. Climate change and the melting of the ice caps are exacerbating these issues by increasing the navigable maritime areas and facilitating access to natural resources. What is the Arctic Council? The Arctic Council, created in 1996, brings together the 8 states with direct geographic interests in the Arctic: Russia, the United States, Canada, Iceland, Denmark, Norway, Finland, and Sweden. To assert their legitimacy and claim their rights in the region, these states rely on international law and their diplomatic and military networks. They are developing their fleets of icebreakers that can create passages through the ice, exploiting and exploring gas and oil deposits, and multiplying scientific expeditions. What is Russia and the United States' strategy in the Arctic? This is the case of Russia, which has deployed and modernized a large number of military bases, radars, and missile systems along its coastline, thus ensuring control of the Northern Sea Route. The United States has also developed military bases and radars, particularly in Alaska. On energy issues, while Russia has never stopped exploring in its territorial waters, Donald Trump has authorized drilling that was previously prohibited in Alaska. Canada and the countries of Northern Europe are also asserting their interests. However, the other member states of the Arctic Council benefit from access to their territories in the Arctic and are asserting their interests. For example, Canada exploits many mining and oil and gas sites and has, after Russia, the largest fleet of icebreakers. The Nordic countries, Norway, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland are also claiming areas beyond their maritime territories and are making increasing investments. China is becoming increasingly active in the region China, an observer member of the Arctic Council, is particularly active and is showing a growing interest in the region. It sees the Northern Sea Route as a new commercial route to Europe, 4,600 km shorter and therefore more profitable. This shipping route is part of China's project to develop new commercial routes around the world: the New Silk Roads. China is therefore increasing its diplomatic and commercial presence and multiplying scientific and tourist expeditions in the region. As for the European Union, it could play a diplomatic role in asserting the interests of its member states... provided that it develops a real common Arctic strategy. TO GO FURTHER The website of the Arctic Observatory, Fondation pour la recherche stratégique Facebook ▶ https://www.facebook.com/lumnifr Twitter ▶ https://twitter.com/lumni.fr Instagram ▶ https://www.instagram.com/lumnifr Lumni.fr ▶ https://www.lumni.fr